Positive associations have been found between rising obesity/body mass index (BMI) levels and Clostridium difficile infections (CDI) rates. Additionally, recent studies point to changes in the human microbiome as a potential mechanism for increased rates of CDI, along with the obvious increase in CDI prevalence associated with the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), a common occurrence in those with elevated BMI.