In Part 1 of this 2-part series, Jeff Volek, PhD, RD reviews the concept of ketogenesis, nutritional ketosis, and keto-adaptation. He discusses the utility of ketogenic diets in clinical practice and the potential benefits of the ketogenic approach to enhance physical performance, manage inflammation, and improve lifespan. Dr. Volek is a Professor in the Department of Human Sciences at The Ohio State University. For 20+ years, Dr. Volek has studied the effects of how diets extremely low in carbohydrates can induce…

by Lewis Chang, PhD This multi-part series will help you understand what prebiotics are, what they do, and how they may improve the health of your patients. Based on published scientific literature, this series will also clarify common misconceptions surrounding prebiotics and summarize clinical evidence of specific ingredients with prebiotic properties Series Part 3: Regarding Human Milk Oligosaccharides (HMOs) Uniquely human It was more than 100 years ago when researchers first noticed that breast-fed infants had higher survival rate and…

by Lewis Chang, PhD Series Part 2: An Overview on Prebiotics This multi-part series will help you understand what prebiotics are, what they do, and how they may improve the health of your patients. Based on published scientific literature, this series will also clarify common misconceptions surrounding prebiotics and summarize clinical evidence of specific ingredients with prebiotic properties.  Series Part 2: (A) Regarding Fiber vs. Prebiotics  (B) Regarding IMOs What are fibers? Fibers, starches and sugars are actually all carbohydrates. What…

by Lewis Chang, PhD Series Part 1: An Overview on Prebiotics This multi-part series will help you understand what prebiotics are, what they do, and how they may improve the health of your patients. Based on published scientific literature, this series will also clarify common misconceptions surrounding prebiotics and summarize clinical evidence of specific ingredients with prebiotic properties.  Introduction: I think I know what prebiotics are, but... Many health-conscious consumers have become familiar with the term “prebiotics.”  Yet, conflicting information…

Human Milk Oligosaccharides – Part 2 Presented by Lars Bode, PhD Lars Bode, PhD presents and overview of Human Milk Oligo Saccharides, what they are, their metabolism and how HMOs serve as prebiotics. HMOs are the third most abundant component in human milk and their composition follows a basic blueprint. There are more than 150 different HMOs identified. This video presentation includes a very informative Q&A session following the overview.

Human Milk Oligosaccharides – Part 1, Presented by Lars Bode, PhD Lars Bode, PhD presents an overview of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), what they are, their metabolism, and how they serve as prebiotics. HMOs are the third most abundant component in human milk, and their composition follows a basic blueprint. There are more than 150 different HMOs identified.  

Lars Bode, PhD: Potential Effects of HMOs on Adult Gut Microbiome Lars Bode, PhD discusses the health benefits of Human Milk Oligosaccharides (HMOs) and how research has shown ways HMOs can effect the adult microbiome. Positive effects are seen specifically in breastfed infants, where it has been identified to raise levels of two prime fucosyllactose (2′FL).

In this Clinical Minute, Nikky Contractor, PhD discusses oligosaccharides. 2’-fucosyllactose, also known as 2'-FL and pronounced “two F L,” is the most abundant human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) in human breast milk. Human milk contains many chemical structures that support the growth of beneficial bacteria in infants. The bacteria that are beneficial to infants are also beneficial in adults and support the growth of beneficial bacteria. 2'FL is also a “decoy receptor” that can bind with pathogenic bacteria and prevent binding…

Prebiotics and Quality Carbohydrates: Enhancing Digestive Health Prebiotics are non-digestible carbohydrates that selectively stimulate the growth and activity of beneficial gut bacteria. Some beneficial gut bacterial can metabolize prebiotics, which gives them a growth advantage. Some prebiotics have more specialized benefits and can play a protective role in gut function. This is especially true for selected oligosaccharides called two prime fucosyllactose, or 2’FL, that are naturally produced and are identical to oligosaccharides originally identified in breast milk, referred to as…